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What are the Z and t-tests? What are they used for? What is the difference between them? When should use one over the other?

Which statistical test, the Z or t test, is more appropriate for tests with small sample sizes?

Which statistical test, the Z or t test, is more appropriate for tests with small sample sizes?

Z and t Tests I

What happens to the t-distribution as the degrees of freedom (ν) gets large?

What happens to the t-distribution as the degrees of freedom (ν) gets large?

Z and t Tests II

What is the difference between the Z and t tests?

Z and t-Tests

Let’s say that your company is running a standard control and variant AB test on a feature to increase conversion rates on the landing page. The PM checks the results and finds a .04 p-value.

How would you assess the validity of the result?

Experiment Validity

Let’s say we have a table with an <code>id</code> and <code>name</code> fields. The table holds over 100 million rows and we want to sample a random row in the table without throttling the database.

Write a query to randomly sample a row from this table.

Input:

<code>big_table</code> table

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Columns</th>
<th>Type</th>
</tr>
</thead>

<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>id</code></td>
<td>INTEGER</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td><code>name</code></td>
<td>VARCHAR</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

Write a query to randomly sample a row from a big table.

Random SQL Sample

Razorpay Salaries by Position

The Role: We are looking for a savvy Data Engineer to join our growing team, responsible for expanding and optimizing our data and data pipeline architecture, as well as optimizing data flow. The ideal candidate is an experienced data pipeline builder and data wrangler who enjoys optimizing data systems and building them from the ground up. The right candidate will be excited by the prospect of optimizing or even re-designing our company’s data architecture to support our next generation of products and data initiatives. Roles and Responsibilities: <ul><li>Create and maintain optimal data pipeline architecture</li><li>Create and maintain events/streaming based architecture/design</li><li>Identify, design, and implement internal process improvements: automating manual processes, optimizing data delivery, re-designing infrastructure for greater scalability, etc.</li><li>Build the infrastructure required for optimal extraction, transformation, and loading of data from a wide variety of data sources using SQL and AWS ‘big data’ technologies.</li><li>Create data tools for analytics and data scientist team members that assist them in building and optimizing our product into an innovative industry leader.</li><li>Work with data scientists to strive for greater functionality in our data systems.</li></ul> Mandatory Qualifications: <ul><li>We are looking for a candidate with 2+ years of experience in a Data Engineer role. </li><li>Experience with big data tools: HDFS/S3, Spark/Flink,Hive,Hbase, Kafka/Kinesis, etc.</li><li>Experience with relational SQL and NoSQL databases, including Elasticsearch and Cassandra/Mongodb.</li><li>Experience with data pipeline and workflow management tools: Azkaban, Luigi, Airflow, etc.</li><li>Experience with AWS /GCP cloud services</li><li>Experience with stream-processing systems: Spark-Streaming/Flink etc.</li><li>Experience with object-oriented/object function scripting languages: Java, Scala, etc.</li><li>Experience building and optimizing ‘big data’ data pipelines, architectures and data sets.</li><li>Strong analytic skills related to working with structured/unstructured datasets.</li><li>Build processes supporting data transformation, data structures, dimensional modeling, metadata, dependency, schema registration/evolution and workload management.</li><li>Working knowledge of message queuing, stream processing, and highly scalable ‘big data’ data stores.</li><li>Experience supporting and working with cross-functional teams in a dynamic environment</li><li>Have a few weekend side projects up on GitHub</li><li>Have contributed to an open-source project</li><li>Have worked at a product company</li><li>Have a working knowledge of a backend programming language</li></ul>

Title: Manager - Data ScienceThe Role:We are looking for an enthusiastic Manager - Machine Learning to join our growing team. The hire will be responsible for working in collaboration with other data scientists and engineers across the organization to develop production-quality models for a variety of problems across Razorpay. Some possible problems include : making recommendations to merchants from Razorpay’s suite of products, cost optimization of transactions for merchants, automatic address disambiguation / correction to enable tracking customer purchases using advanced natural language processing techniques.As part of the DS team @ Razorpay, you’ll work with some of the smartest engineers/architects/data scientists in the industry and have the opportunity to solve complex and critical problems for Razorpay. You will collaborate with cross-functional teams to develop innovative data science solutions, solve complex challenges, and mentor junior team members. Roles and Responsibilities:<ul><li>Lead and drive data science initiatives, providing strategic guidance and technical expertise to the team.</li><li>Apply advanced data science methodologies, mathematics, and machine learning techniques to solve complex and strategic business problems.</li><li>Collaborate closely with cross-functional teams, including engineers, product managers, and business stakeholders, to develop and deploy cutting-edge data science solutions.</li><li>Conduct in-depth analysis of large and complex datasets, extracting valuable insights and driving actionable recommendations.</li><li>Present findings, insights, and strategic recommendations to senior stakeholders, influencing key business decisions.</li><li>Identify key metrics and develop executive-level dashboards to monitor performance and provide actionable insights.</li><li>Oversee multiple projects simultaneously, ensuring high-quality deliverables within defined timelines.</li><li>Mentor and guide junior data scientists, fostering their professional growth and promoting a culture of innovation and excellence.</li><li>Continuously explore and implement advanced data science methodologies and emerging technologies to enhance solutions.</li><li>Collaborate with research teams and stay updated with the latest advancements in the field of data science.</li></ul>Mandatory Qualifications:<ul><li>10-12 years of experience in a data science role, with a proven track record of delivering impactful solutions and building and managing high performance teams.</li><li>Advanced degree (Master's or Ph.D.) in a quantitative field, such as Computer Science, Statistics, Mathematics, or related disciplines.</li><li>Extensive expertise in advanced machine learning techniques, statistical analysis, and mathematical modeling.</li><li>Mastery of programming languages such as Python, R, and Scala, with experience in building scalable and efficient data science workflows.</li><li>Vast experience with big data processing frameworks (e.g., Hadoop, Spark) and deep learning frameworks (e.g., TensorFlow, PyTorch).</li><li>Strong leadership skills, with the ability to guide and inspire a team, prioritize tasks, and drive successful outcomes.</li><li>Excellent communication and presentation skills, with the ability to effectively convey complex concepts to technical and non-technical stakeholders.</li><li>Drive collaboration between data science, product management, and engineering teams to ensure alignment on project goals and seamless integration of machine learning solutions into products.</li><li>Facilitate regular cross-functional meetings and workshops to identify key business challenges, drive data democratization, and brainstorm innovative and cost effective solutions.</li><li>Deep experience with cloud platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure, GCP) and their data science tools and services.</li><li>A passion for continuous learning and staying up-to-date with the latest advancements in data science.</li><li>Demonstrated ability to think strategically, solve complex problems, and deliver innovative solutions.</li></ul> Location: Bangalore

Razorpay was founded by Shashank Kumar and Harshil Mathur in 2014. Razorpay is building a new-age digital banking hub (Neobank) for businesses in India with the mission is to enable frictionless banking and payments experiences for businesses of all shapes and sizes. What started as a B2B payments company is processing billions of dollars of payments for lakhs of businesses across India.We are a full-stack financial services organisation, committed to helping Indian businesses with comprehensive and innovative payment and business banking solutions built over robust technology to address the entire length and breadth of the payment and banking journey for any business. Over the past year, we've disbursed loans worth millions of dollars in loans to thousands of businesses. In parallel, Razorpay is reimagining how businesses manage money by simplifying business banking (via Razorpay X ) and enabling capital availability for businesses (via Razorpay Capital ).The RoleA Staff Engineer at Razorpay is well-grounded, smart, quality focussed, product thinker, business conscious - not mere coders, of course with deeper technical context and experience to build quality software. You should be able to see nuances and elements that others might not. Engineering creates a significant impact across different areas considering the scale of our software product outreach. You’re expected to be involved in almost every project and also influence the culture of the company and help shape it the right wayRoles And Responsibilities<ul><li>Drive the technology and engineering best practices on different fronts like quality, performance, design, operations at the organizational level</li><li>Responsible for design, architecture, and delivery of a feature or component/product with the highest quality with high-level directions from architects</li><li>Drive technology innovations & remaining ahead of the curve</li><li>Collaborate effectively with cross-functional teams to deliver end-to-end products & features</li><li>Demonstrate ability to multi-task and re-prioritize responsibilities based on changing requirements</li><li>Estimate efforts, identify risks, devices and meets project schedules</li><li>Runs review meetings effectively and drive the closure of all open issues on time</li><li>Provide functional, design, and code reviews in related areas of expertise within team and cross-team.</li><li>Mentor/coach engineers to facilitate their development and provide technical leadership to them</li><li>Rise above detail to see broader issues and implications for the whole product/team & Implement a long-term technology vision for your organization & team</li><li>Contribute to streamline hiring challenges and help hire high-quality engineers for the organization</li><li>Represent organization and team in external & internal forums, respectively </li></ul>Mandatory Qualifications<ul><li>8-12 years of strong design/development experience in building massively large scale distributed internet systems and products</li><li>Deep expertise in more than one programming language and tech stack to write maintainable, scalable, unit-tested code</li><li>Experience leading & mentoring project teams</li><li>Strong Object-oriented skills, knowledge of design patterns, and uncanny ability to design intuitive modules and class-level interfaces.</li><li>Deep understanding of data-driven web application design and development</li><li>Superior organization, communication, interpersonal, and leadership skills</li><li>Must be a proven performer and team player that enjoys challenging assignments in a high-energy, fast-growing, and start-up workplace</li><li>Must be a self-starter who can work well with minimal guidance and in a fluid environment</li><li>Must be excited by challenges surrounding the development of massively scalable & distributed system</li><li>Agility and ability to adapt quickly to changing requirements and scope and priorities</li><li>The experience of having been a software engineer for at least 10 years. </li></ul>Razorpay believes in and follows an equal employment opportunity policy that doesn't discriminate on gender, religion, sexual orientation, colour, nationality, age, etc. We welcome interests and applications from all groups and communities across the globe.Razorpay believes in and follows an equal employment opportunity policy that doesn't discriminate on gender, religion, sexual orientation, colour, nationality, age, etc. We welcome interests and applications from all groups and communities across the globe.Follow us on LinkedIn & Twitter

The Role: An Engineering Manager at Razorpay is well-grounded - innovative, quality focussed, product thinker, and business conscious - not mere coders, of course, with deeper technical context and experience to build quality software. You should be able to see nuances and elements that others might not. Engineering creates a significant impact across different areas, considering the scale of our software product outreach. You’re also expected to influence the culture of the company and help shape it the right way. Roles and Responsibilities: ● Ability to attract and hire top-notch Engineering talent for the organization. ● Be responsible for the group's technical strategy and roadmap - creating success metrics in close collaboration with other groups across the organization, and executing initiatives in an agile way. ● Brings a strong perspective that drives change and motivates engineers to develop simple solutions to complex problems. ● Help implement effective engineering processes and champion their adoption. ● Has the technical capacity and capability to partner with tech leads and architects in problem solving. ● Mentor the professional development of each direct report through personal and performance management. ● Give engineers the tools, confidence, and motivation to make decisions independently that lead to their recognition. ● Effective at influencing a culture of engineering craftsmanship and excellence. ● Initiate cross-functional (Product, Business, Operations) collaborations with development teams throughout Razorpay and gather feedback and requirements. ● Seek diverse perspectives to drive bottom-up innovation and create buy-in from all technical stakeholders. ● Ensure the team fully understands the goals and objectives of Razorpay as a company and how their work fits into 'the bigger picture. Mandatory Qualifications: ● Total of 8+ years' experience.● Experience level of 5+ years of experience in very large scale applications and 3+ years' experience in people management. ● Strong problem solving skills, data structures and algorithms. ● Experience with distributed systems handling large amounts of data. ● Excellent coding skills in one of the languages PHP/Python/C++/Java. ● Very good understanding of Web Technologies. ● Very good understanding of any RDBMS and/or messaging. Good to have: We also expect the following, but we accept that you can be an absolutely great developer without fulfilling the below. So go ahead and apply even if the following isn’t applicable: ● Have a few weekend side projects up on GitHub ● Have contributed to an open-source project ● Have worked at a product company ● Have a working knowledge of a backend programming language Location: Bangalore (Hybrid)

Title: Software Development Engineer in Test The Role: We're looking for a highly capable, motivated “Software Engineer in Test” to join us in building world-class customer-focused software.Our team delivers integrated software and hardware solutions allowing all Razorpay's customers and partners to contact us for assistance as they use online payments. You would be an important part of a growing team using the latest technology to improve our customer experience across web, and mobile platforms, empowering merchants to enjoy flawless online transactions.In this role, you will be a leader, and contributor and have the opportunity to make a lasting impact on our entire technology stack. Roles and Responsibilities: <ul><li>Review and analyze requirements, specifications, and technical design documents, providing timely feedback</li><li>Develop detailed, comprehensive, and well-structured test plans and test cases</li><li>Execute test cases (manual or automated) across multiple platforms and analyze results</li><li>Play the role of test engineer: Design, develop, and execute automated tests</li><li>Identify and report issues found, then verify that issues are resolved</li><li>Execution of automation test scripts and help with CI/CD Integration</li><li>Quickly triage and test bug fixes on an ongoing basis</li><li>Work in an agile environment, follow process guidelines and deliver tasks</li><li>Participate in software architecture, design discussions, and Test Suite reviews</li><li>Be proactive, take ownership, and be accountable</li><li>Stay up-to-date with new testing tools and test strategies.</li></ul> Mandatory Qualifications: <ul><li>Experience working as a Quality Engineer / Tester in a Manual Testing capacity with 2+ Years of experience.</li><li>Hands-on with UI testing tools. Experience around Selenium WebDriver with Java, JUnit, Cucumber, or similar tools</li><li>Strong knowledge of software QA methodologies, tools, and processes</li><li>A keen eye for detail and a commitment to excellence</li><li>Knowledgeable with bug tracking tools like JIRA and CI/CD tools like Jenkins/Spinnaker</li><li>The attitude of breaking the system to make the system robust for users</li><li>Detail-oriented. Ability to empathizSe with customers</li><li>The ability to work effectively in a fast-paced environment</li></ul>

Razorpay Interview Questions

Razorpay Interview Guides

Razorpay Interview Questions

Razorpay Salaries by Position

Razorpay Opening Jobs