Amazon Business Analyst Interview Questions + Guide 2025

The business analyst role at Amazon is bigger than ever. Boasting a 37.8% e-commerce market share in the US, Amazon remains a dominant force in the global retail and technology landscape. The company’s expansion beyond traditional e-commerce into cloud computing, entertainment, and logistics has solidified itself as a multifaceted powerhouse.

For instance, Amazon Web Services (AWS) contributes significantly to Amazon’s revenue, while services like Amazon Prime Video and Amazon Music drive consumer engagement beyond shopping. These require significant business analysis efforts to sustain and improve.

In this article, we’ll discuss what Amazon business analysts do, their impact in shaping the company’s growth and strategy, interview questions, and tips to help you ace the interview.

Amazon’s business analyst role is all about data, tech, and business. You’ll work with SQL, Python, Amazon QuickSight, and Tableau to build dashboards, analyze trends, and turn raw numbers into insights. Whether it’s Amazon Payment Services, AWS financial automation, or Amazon Logistics, your job is to make sure decisions are backed by solid data.

You’ll use Amazon Athena and Redshift to handle massive datasets and pull key insights. Machine learning tools help spot trends, predict outcomes, and catch anomalies before they become problems. Your work helps streamline processes, optimize reports, and drive smarter business moves.

Strong communication is essential, as business analysts serve as a bridge between IT, data, and business functions. The role offers pathways into AWS Analytics, Amazon Business Intelligence, and data science, making it a critical function in Amazon’s data-driven decision-making ecosystem.

Here is how an Amazon business analyst interview goes:

Phone Screen

The first step is a phone screen with a recruiter or hiring manager. This round is typically a mix of technical questions (50–60%) and leadership questions. You’ll be asked about your experience with tools like SQL and Excel, and you’ll also discuss how you align with Amazon’s Leadership Principles.

On-site Interview: The Technical Round

The on-site interviews include a technical round where you’ll solve problems using SQL, Excel, or data visualization tools like Tableau. The interviewer will present real-world business problems and assess your ability to analyze data and propose solutions. This round is usually 50–75% technical.

Leadership Principles

The remaining on-site rounds (typically 3 to 5) are focused on Amazon’s Leadership Principles. You’ll be asked behavioral questions to assess your ability to handle situations in line with principles like Customer Obsession, Invent and Simplify, and Deliver Results. Expect questions about past experiences where you demonstrated leadership, ownership, and problem-solving.

Final Decision and Offer

After completing all the rounds, your hiring manager will review your performance. If you meet the expectations, they’ll extend an offer within 3 to 7 days. Depending on your interview performance and the job level, you could be offered a position at L4, L5, or L6.

Amazon business analyst interviews focus on key areas like SQL queries and ETL, business case questions, statistical analysis, and product metrics. You’ll need to demonstrate your skills in managing data, solving problems, and using analytics to drive business decisions.

We’ve gathered the recurring questions asked in Amazon business analyst interviews. Here are some:

Amazon Business Analyst SQL Questions

SQL is essential for Amazon BAs to query and manipulate large datasets efficiently. These questions test your ability to write optimized SQL queries that solve real-world problems, such as tracking employee activity or calculating rolling averages, which are key skills in making data-driven decisions.

1. Given a table tracking employee badge-in and badge-out events, where employees badge in/out for lunch and at the start and end of the day, how would you write an SQL query to determine which employees were inside the building at any given timestamp?

Use a CASE statement or JOIN to filter badge-in and badge-out events. Then, use a GROUP BY with a HAVING clause to determine employees inside the building at any timestamp.

2. Given a table of product subscriptions with a subscription start date and end date for each user, write a query that returns true or false whether or not each user has a subscription date range that overlaps with any other completed subscription.

Use a self-join to compare subscription start and end dates for each user. Apply conditions to check for overlap using WHERE with BETWEEN or AND logic.

3. Write a query to get the total three-day rolling average for deposits by day.

Use a WINDOW function with PARTITION BY to calculate daily sums. Then, apply AVG() over a window of the previous two rows plus the current day.

4. Given a table of customer orders with columns (order_id, customer_id, order_date, order_amount), write an SQL query using window functions to calculate the running total of order_amount for each customer, ordered by order_date.

Use SUM() with the OVER() clause, ordered by order_date, to calculate the cumulative total for each customer. Be sure to include the partition by customer_id to separate each customer’s running total.

5. Let’s say that you’re a data professional working on a distribution team at Amazon. Create a report displaying which shipments were delivered to customers during their membership period.

Join the shipments table with the membership table on the customer’s membership dates and compare delivery dates against the membership period. Filter results where the shipment date falls within the membership date range.

Amazon Business Analyst Product Metrics Questions

Product metrics are critical for understanding how well Amazon products and services perform. These questions focus on analyzing product performance, like the impact of integrations or dynamic pricing, helping BAs provide insights that shape strategy and enhance user experience.

6. Imagine you are working on the Amazon Prime Music team. Your team has integrated Prime Music with Alexa devices. How would you determine the overall impact of the integration on Prime Music subscriptions?

Measure subscription rate changes before and after the integration, possibly using A/B testing to compare user acquisition and retention. Look for significant increases in Prime Music subscriptions tied to Alexa usage.

7. What are the benefits of dynamic pricing, and how can you estimate supply and demand in this context?

Use historical pricing and demand data to model supply and demand relationships. Estimate elasticity and how dynamic pricing can optimize profits based on these demand patterns.

8. You are given a table with some parameters regarding out-of-stock inventory. Let’s say we want to calculate relevant metrics for each company. What business-relevant hypotheses can you think of that might make sense to check based on the calculated parameters and observed results?

Calculate metrics like stockout rate, sales lost, and inventory turnover. Develop hypotheses about how stockouts impact revenue or customer satisfaction and test them with the data.

9. You have access to a set of tables summarizing user event data for a community forum app. You’re asked to conduct a user journey analysis using this data with the eventual goal of improving the user interface. What kind of analysis would you conduct to recommend changes to the UI?

Map the user’s actions from sign-up to engagement. Look for drop-off points and friction in the experience, and use funnel analysis to identify where UI changes could improve user retention and engagement.

Amazon Business Analyst Analytics Questions

Analytics questions test your ability to derive actionable insights from complex datasets. They evaluate your proficiency in using data analysis techniques to identify trends, optimize business processes, and make strategic recommendations, which are essential for driving Amazon’s data-driven culture.

10. You have been provided with two tables: user_orders and ordered_items. A user can have multiple orders, and within each order, there may be multiple items with either the same or different categories. Find the user with the highest average number of unique item categories per order.

Use COUNT(DISTINCT category) in a GROUP BY statement with ORDER BY. Calculate the average number of categories per user by using AVG() over the grouped data.

11. We have a table that represents the total number of messages sent between two users by date on Messenger. What are some insights that could be derived from this table? What do you think the distribution of the number of conversations created by each user per day looks like? Write a query to get the distribution of the number of conversations created by each user by day in the year 2020.

To find the distribution of conversations, use COUNT() to aggregate the number of conversations per user by day. Use GROUP BY to analyze conversation trends over the year.

12. An e-commerce company has been experiencing a reduction in revenue for the past 12 months. You have parameters of transaction data. How would you analyze the dataset to understand exactly where the revenue loss is occurring?

Segment the transaction data by time, product category, or region to identify areas with declining revenue. Use cohort analysis or trend analysis to pinpoint where the losses are most significant.

Amazon Business Analyst Statistics Questions

Statistical knowledge is key for analyzing data and making accurate predictions. These questions assess your understanding of statistical methods, like regression and hypothesis testing, which are essential for making informed, data-driven decisions at Amazon.

13. What are the logistic and softmax functions? What is the difference between the two? What makes them useful in logistic regression?

Logistic function maps input values to a probability between 0 and 1, while softmax is used for multi-class classification, converting input values into a probability distribution. Both are used in logistic regression to model binary or multi-class outcomes.

14. Let’s say you have to analyze the results of an A/B test. One variant of the A/B test has a sample size of 50,000 users, and the other has a sample size of 200,000 users. Given the unbalanced size between the two groups, can you determine if the test will result in bias towards the smaller group?

Analyze the results by checking the sample size and ensuring the smaller group isn’t underrepresented, using statistical methods like weighted averages or stratified sampling to mitigate bias.

15. Let’s say you have a time series dataset grouped monthly for the past five years. How would you find out if the difference between this month and the previous month was significant or not?

Perform a t-test or z-test to compare the mean of the current and previous months. This helps determine if the difference is statistically significant and not due to random fluctuations.

16. Let’s say we’re testing a new UI with the goal of increasing conversion rates. We test it by giving the new UI to a random subset of users. The test variant wins by 5% on the target metric. What would you expect to happen after the new UI is applied to all users? Will the metric actually go up by ~5%, more, or less?

Account for sample size and potential biases in the test population. The actual impact could vary; typically, conversion rate changes in small groups don’t always extrapolate perfectly to the entire population.

17. How would you interpret coefficients of logistic regression for categorical and Boolean variables?

For categorical variables, the coefficient represents the log odds of a certain category occurring, and for Boolean variables, it shows the odds ratio of one outcome relative to another. Interpret these values in the context of the target variable to understand the strength and direction of the relationship.

Amazon Business Analyst Behavioral Questions

Behavioral questions assess how you approach challenges and work within teams. These questions evaluate your communication, problem-solving, and time management skills, which are necessary for Amazon BAs to manage complex projects and collaborate with various stakeholders effectively.

18. How do you prioritize multiple deadlines? Additionally, how do you stay organized when you have multiple deadlines?

Focus on how you organize tasks based on urgency and importance. Show how you manage time efficiently and stay flexible when new priorities emerge.

19. What is your approach to resolving conflict with co-workers or external stakeholders, partially when you don’t really like them? Give an example of when you resolved a conflict with someone on the job.

Highlight your communication and problem-solving skills. Emphasize how you approach conflicts professionally and focus on finding mutually beneficial solutions.

20. Tell me about a time when you exceeded expectations during a project. What did you do, and how did you accomplish it?

Share a specific example where you went above and beyond to deliver results. Focus on the actions you took and the measurable outcomes of those actions.

21. Why did you apply to our company?

Reflect on Amazon’s core principles and how they align with your personal values and career goals. Mention how you’re drawn to Amazon’s culture of innovation, customer obsession, and continuous improvement.

22. How comfortable are you presenting your insights?

Emphasize your ability to simplify complex information and tailor it to your audience. Show that you can present data clearly, confidently, and in a way that drives action.

By focusing on Amazon’s Leadership Principles, demonstrating your proficiency in SQL, and showcasing your data-driven mindset, you can get an edge over your competitors. Here is how:

Align with Amazon’s Leadership Principles

Amazon’s Leadership Principles are integral to its culture, so make sure your responses reflect these values. Whether discussing problem-solving or teamwork, incorporate principles like Customer Obsession or Invent and Simplify.

For example, when asked about a challenging situation, you can demonstrate Customer Obsession by explaining how you prioritized customer needs in your solution.

Similarly, when asked about how you’ve driven change, mention how you’ve streamlined processes or implemented automation to reduce manual work, reflecting your commitment to Invent and Simplify.

Master Behavioral Questions with STAR

Amazon places a strong emphasis on behavioral interviews, and using the STAR method (situation, task, action, result) is critical to structuring clear and effective responses. When preparing, focus on demonstrating your analytical abilities, problem-solving skills, and alignment with Amazon’s Leadership Principles.

For example, an Amazon recruiter emphasizes the importance of providing clear, concise examples rather than generic answers. For instance, when asked about a challenge you’ve faced, outline the specific situation, actions you took, and measurable results.

This approach helps you provide concrete, data-driven examples that align with Amazon’s culture and values.

Understand Product Metrics and Use Them to Drive Decisions

At Amazon, key metrics like conversion rate, customer lifetime value (CLV), and return on investment (ROI) are critical for assessing product performance. Conversion rate tracks how well Amazon turns website traffic into sales, with optimizations to product pages or search algorithms helping to boost it. CLV reflects the long-term value of customers, with initiatives like Prime Membership or personalized recommendations increasing repeat purchases.

Demonstrate how you would use these metrics to evaluate success and recommend improvements, linking them to Amazon’s data-driven decision-making process.

To ace your Amazon business analyst interview in 2025, focus on aligning your responses with Amazon’s Leadership Principles, master the STAR method for behavioral questions, and showcase your SQL and data analysis skills. Be ready to discuss key product metrics and how you use data to drive business decisions. With these tips, you’ll confidently demonstrate your fit for Amazon’s fast-paced, data-driven environment!